Friday, August 17, 2012

Happy B Day, Marcus Garvey








Elijah Muhammad


Long live Marcus Garvey, long live Revolutionary Black Nationalism! After being taught Black Nationalism in England by Islamic Pan Africanist Duse Muhammad Ali, Garvey came to America hoping to hook up with Booker T. Washington (Abuker), but Abuker died before Garvey could reach him. Garvey came to Harlem and set up shop, eventually organizing millions of Black people around the world to fight against colonialism and white supremacy, one and the same.

He championed blackness, black studies, black economics, black literature. Garvey was the esthetic and ideological leader of the Harlem Renaissance. His newspaper The Negro World, published more poets that any other publication during this time.

He immediately became a target of the FBI who infiltrated his movement and with reactionary Negro intellectuals were able to charge him with fraud and put him in prison, then deported. He died in England without ever visiting Africa, yet we know he is the Father of Pan Africanism. Like Moses, he never made it to the promised land.

Elijah Muhammad continued the work of Garvey and took it to another level with his Nation of Islam, combining aspects of Garveyism and the Islamic teachings of Noble Drew Ali. Of course Elijah was taught one on one for three and a half years by the mystical Master Fard Muhammad. Elijah in turn taught Malcolm X for three years.

Many Black intellectuals give a revisionist version of history by discussing Garvey then skip Elijah to
honor Malcolm X, but how did Malcolm become Malcolm X without the teachings of Elijah Muhammad?

While attending Oakland's Merritt College along with Huey Newton and Bobby Seale, we called ourselves followers of Malcolm X, 1962, even while Malcolm was still a member of the Nation of Islam, so this was silly on our part since Malcolm was following the teachings of Elijah.

Eventually I wanted to go beyond the leaf to the tree, so I joined the NOI, 1967.

Aside from the 19th century black nationalists such as David Walker, Henry Highland Garnet, James T. Holly, John S. Rock, Henry McNeil Turner, et al., we must credit Marcus Garvey with any notion of Black National consciousness we possess today.

--Marvin X

Thursday, August 16, 2012

Police open fire on South African miners - Africa - Al Jazeera English




This is what happens when we have a black president suffering the addiction to white supremacy, from
Africa to America. How long shall we be deceived by the black face of imperialism and domestic colonialism? Take off your rose colored glasses. A black hangman is still a hangman!
--Marvin X


At least 12 people have been killed when police opened fire on miners staging a protest at a platinum mine in South Africa,  according to the Reuters news agency.
South African police opened fire and dispersed a crowd of striking miners at the Lonmin mine in the North West province on Thursday after issuing an order to the protesters to lay down their machetes and sticks.
News TV images showed people lying on the ground, one with blood flowing from a wound.

Dennis Adrio, a Police Captain and spokesman for the officers at the mine, declined to immediately comment. South African newspaper, The Sowetan reported on Thursday that police officers had earlier said that negotiation with leaders of the rival union Association of Mineworkers and Construction Union (AMCU) had broken down, leaving no option but to disperse them by force.
"Today is unfortunately D-day," police spokesman Dennis Adriao was quoted as saying.
Journalists at the scene said several of those shot were laying on the ground and were not moving.

Jacob Zuma, South Africa's president, said he was "shocked and dismayed at this senseless violence. We believe there is enough space in our democratic order for any dispute to be resolved through dialogue without any breaches of the law or violence".

"We call upon the labour movement and business to work with government to arrest the situation before it deteriorates any further," Zuma said in a statement.

Earlier on Thursday, Lonmin said in a statement that striking workers would be fired if they did not appear at their shifts on Friday.
"The striking (workers) remain armed and away from work,'' the statement read. "This is illegal.''

'Illegal strike' 
 
The unrest at the Lonmin mine began on August 10, as some 3,000 workers walked off the job over pay in what management described as an illegal strike.

Those who tried to go to work on Saturday were attacked, management and the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) said.

On Sunday, the rage became deadly as a crowd killed two security guards by setting their car ablaze, authorities said.

By Monday, angry mobs killed two other workers and overpowered police, killing two officers, officials said.

Officers opened fire that day, killing three others, police said.

The protest and ensuing violence, which began a week ago, have killed at least 10 people there, including two police officers.

Wednesday, August 15, 2012

Academy of da Corner Now Accepting Applications for Interns






Black Arts Movement Master Teacher, Marvin X, is now accepting applications for his mentorship project. Students/interns will study under the Master Teacher for three years. Previous students under the mentorship of Marvin X include  Ayodele Nzinga, PhD. candidate, founder of the Lower Bottom Playaz in West Oakland; Geoffrey Grier, founder of San Francisco Recovery Theatre; authors Ptah Allah El, Aries Jordan and Toya Carter; Ramal Lamar, M.A., Mathematics. Send resume to jmarvinx@yahoo.com. Must include a 500 word writing sample and photo.


Former Marvin X student, Dr. J. Vern
Cromartie, Contra Costa College

photo Gene Hazzard









Ayodele Nzinga, PhD.














Along with Rev. Blandon Reems,
authors Aries Jordan and Toya
Carter, performed at Alameda
County Juvenile Hall with 
Master Teacher Marvin X last
Xmas.
photo Adam Turner






Ramal Lamar, M.A., Logic

photo by Kamau Amen Ra










Ptah Allah El (Tracy Mitchell), Minister of Education, Academy of da Corner, author




Monday, August 13, 2012

Marvin X on Eldridge,Minister of Information, Black Panther Party

File:Eldridge Cleaver 1968.jpg

It was surprising to me when people asked me why I wrote my memoir called My Friend the Devil, yet the very people who asked the question had called him the devil from the day he walked out of Soledad Prison. When he walked out in 1966 and came to the Bay Area, I was the first person he hooked up with. I convinced him to use his advance from Soul on Ice to establish a political cultural center we called Black House, yes, in opposition to the White House. He was chairman and I was secretary. One thing I immediately discovered was in my role as Secretary I was privy to all information. I referred all calls to the Chairman, EC, whether they were from his lover Bervely Axolrod or Bob Avakian, two of his ardent supporters, although Avakian can only be described as a menthe or sycophant, since he listened to EC's every word, certainly more earnestly than we did at Black House.

Occupants of Black House included myself, Ethna Wyatt (Hurriyah Asar), Eldridge Cleaver, playwright Ed Bullins, singer Willie Dale (a singer who spent time in San Quentin with EC) and his wife, Vernisteen from Bakersfield. Wille Dale must be recognized as a singer who sang the anthem of the Black Revolution, written by Louis Farrakhan, A White Man's Heave is a Black Man's Hell.

If you would like to read Marvin X's memoir of Eldridge Cleaver, check out this website and www.nathanielturner.com. Marvin wrote his memoir in three weeks and posted each chapter each day on www.nathanierturner.com.

In truth, Marvin X loved Eldridge Cleaver because he was a grass roots intellectual, who studied in prison for 18 years and put into action his theory of Black liberation as chair of the Black Conscious Club in Soledad, the actual beginning of the prison movement in the USA.


Sunday, August 12, 2012

Of Squares and other Block heads




My good hustling brother Charles Duplechain taught me to stay away from square motherfuckers. He said square motherfuckers will get you killed. I must add, Elijah taught us to trust no one. We think Malcolm lost this fundamental lesson from his teacher, for it is somewhat clear he trusted Elijah too much and it may have cost him his life, not to suggest Elijah was responsible for his death, but certainly there were a plethora of jealous and envious officials around Elijah that were willing to take him out if he played into their hands, and apparently he did so, seemingly not knowing when it was time to advance and retreat. The Art of War might be helpful here. Consider the terrain, the land, the sea, the mountains, the cross roads, the valley, the plain. Do not fight uphill, fight downhill. Do not fight in the water, et al. Fight from a position of strength not weakness.

The problem with squares is that they understand none of this, but advance into life with rose colored glasses, having succumb to starry eyed idealism, thus they have an agenda not rooted in reality to say nothing of thinking beyond reality into the metaphysical, where all thought originates. The square think they know while they know not. In classic drama this is called the tragic flaw that leads the great to fall into the abyss.

The squares must stop thinking they know everything, for the wise man knows that he knows nothing, thus he is willing to jump out of the box into new thought, while the square is locked in provincialism and narrow mindedness of the worse kind. The square has convinced himself/herself that she/he is on the right path while a simple check with reality would correct him/her that they are surely on the wrong path, not the Sirata Al Mustaqim (straight path).

It is here that the square is most dangerous, for while he is fishing in the dark without a search light, he continues in his inordinacy, blindly wandering on, Al Qur'an.

Thus the man or person of vision must separate himself from the square because the visionary is clear of the task before him, that he must carve new vistas in the universe, not be stuck in the tales of mother, father and grandparents. Recall the movie Soulfook: grandma simply didn't know the food she was eating was taking her out. And then after her transition to ancestor hood, the family continued eating the diet that killed grandma. This is, again, the nature of the square: to continue into the precipice, not heading warnings from the Master Teacher who has simply lived long enough to know the endgame.

Example: one of my students was having a problem with his car. I told him to stop tripping and call his car doctor, which he finally did and was relieved when his car doctor advised him of the situation. My student then asked me how did I know what to do? Wouldn't it be logical to call your doctor if you have one? Does one need to enter Elderhood to know this, or is this blindness an expression of squareness and white supremacy edumakation?

And so I appreciate those years I spent drug addicted, homeless, loveless, sleeping in doorways, allies, and cardboard boxes, on the BART, at the Eastbay Terminal. This was my true education, not the classes I took at San Francisco State University. Yes, it was in the Crack House that I learned manners and decorum. As my father said (RIP), son, you ain't even a good dope fiend. A good dope fiend will have a way to get his dope on a daily basis, and  a proper dope fiend will not steal from his parents, woman, friends, but will hustle to get his dope. And he will not get so low that he must prostitute himself and embarrass himself before the world as I did when Eldridge Cleaver and I got caught burglarizing a house to obtain money for Crack. When the news hit the media, my family was embarrassed, especially my father who said I shamed the family name. Nigguhs in Alaska read about our exploits in Jet Magazine, the Negro Bible.

I believe harm reduction is the best model to overcome addictions of any kind, including the addiction to white supremacy. The square thinks white supremacy is a bygone phenomenon, yet any damn fool knows the facts: for every one black man entering college, four go to prison. And as Dr. Wade Nobles noted, our black women are in prison as well in these white supremacy universities, struggling like hell to overcome issues of sexual identity, and yet with all their proper knowledge, they shall be very lucy to  find a husband or mate their equal, especially from their ethnic group of eligible males, so many of whom wallow in wretchedness and depravity of the most morbid kind, subjecting their women to a myriad STDs, including HIV and AIDS.

Surely, there is no time to be square, but one must be hipped to what's happening in the cosmos, not just in America, Africa or the Diaspora, but one must, in the spirit of Sun Ra, have cosmic consciousness and understand a new spirituality is sweeping the planet. The square motherfucker must jump out of the box and join the world revolution of a new kind of thinking that makes one aware of all things, the living, the dead and yet unborn. The square who is blind in this world, shall be blind in the hereafter, so jump out of the box and claim your blessing for your labor under the sun.

P.S. I recently learned there are only two kinds of people in the world. The hip and the unhip, those who want to block hipness to keep people in the box, such as taught in the Masonic tradition that says let the dead stay dead, unless they desire to be initiated into the secret order. But those of us who received Supreme Wisdom know that the duty of the civilized man is to teach the uncivilized. If we fail to perform our duty, we shall suffer a severe chastisement by Allah. I have received such a chastisement so this is why I say what I say. And I say this to end: put on the armor of God for the people were destroyed for lack of knowledge, i.e., the most despicable aspect of the square is that he/she lacks knowledge yet pretends, as in that song by the Platters, The Great Pretender!

--Marvin X/El Muhajir
8/12/12
www.blackbirdpressnews.blogspot.com
jmarvinx@yahoo.com

Long Live the Syrian Revolution

Several years ago, my son Darrel, aka Abdul El Muhajir (RIP), visited Syria under a Fulbright fellowship. He studied at the University of Damascus, after earning his B.A. in Arabic and Near Eastern literature from the University of California, Berkeley. As he rests in Paradise, I know he is amazed at events in Syria, for he recounted to me his time in that land: how the dreaded secret police interrogated him on an almost daily basis--why is he reading all those books about Syria and why is he hanging around those filthy Palestinians? And why does he swim at the American Embassy?

My son had questions for them, he told me. Why do they treat Africans as slaves, seizing their passports, thus preventing them from leaving? Of course, my son was a prime candidate for the CIA, since he was a North American African fluent in Arabic. He told me they tried to recruit him, so maybe the Syrian secret police were justified in watching him carefully. At the time, few whites were allowed in Syria. You may recall when a US air force pilot's plane was shot down, Jesse Jackson and Minister Farrakhan were the only persons able to visit Syria and  get him released.

Syria has been a force in the Arab revolution of yesterday, but its sectarian policies and reactionary hold on power has served its time. We appreciate the years it has been a bulwark against Zionist aggression, the support it has given to the Palestinians and Hezbollah toward the liberation of Palestine. But for years the suppression of its own people has been a stain on this nation so rich in world and especially Biblical history. We all know the story of a man named Saul who had a miraculous conversion on the road to Damascus. At this hour we need the regime in power to have a similar conversion and submit to the new order. But this is doubtful, after all, Mao taught us the reactionaries will never lay down their butcher knives and turn into Buddha heads!

And so the blood shed continues unabated, although it appears the Free Syrian Army (FSA) is making gains throughout the land, though we are cautious about some of its supporters, including the USA, the Sunni Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia, Jordan and the Gulf states. They are much in need of the Arab Spring as well, and we wonder will they also endure the pain, blood, sweat and tears, now endured by the Syrian people.

For sure, these Sunni Nations must get their own acts in order soon and very soon: the citizens of those nations must rise above ancient and archaic religiosity and primitive mythology, whether based on tribalism or reactionary interpretation of Sunna, Qu'ran and Hadith.

The idea that a woman is unable to drive a car  in Saudi Arabia is beyond the Flintstones, but it is part of a totality of ideas that must find themselves in the dustbin of history, such as honor killings and other notions originating in patriarchal mythology. But let us not ignore the role of Zionism in the area, another notion that must enter the dustbin of history. We doubt God ever intended his chosen people to suffer Nazism to become Nazis themselves.

If truth be told, the Arab Spring thus far  has only been a dress rehearsal for the long process called revolution. We only know the endgame will be justice, freedom and equality for all the people in the area. The need to possess the oil in this region will not stop the people determined to be free by any means necessary. The West must decide if it is truly part of the solution or part of the problem.
--Marvin X/El Muhajir
8/12/12

Mavin X, A Man of Multiple Personalities: Rumi, Saadi, Hafiz, Jeremiah, Mark Twain, et al.


Marvin X, also known as Marvin Ellis Jackmon and El Muhajir

Marvin X was born May 29, 1944 in Fowler, California, near Fresno. Marvin X is well known for his work as a poet, playwright and essayist of the BLACK ARTS MOVEMENT or BAM. He attended Merritt College along with Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale. He received his BA and MA in English from San Francisco State University.
Marvin X is most well known for his work with Ed Bullins in the founding of Black House and The Black Arts/West Theatre in San Francisco. Black House served briefly as the headquarters for the Black Panther Party and as a center for performance, theatre, poetry and music.
Marvin X is a playwright in the true spirit of the BAM. His most well-known BAM play, entitled Flowers for the Trashman, deals with generational difficulties and the crisis of the Black intellectual as he deals with education in a white-controlled culture. Marvin X's other works include, The Black Bird, The Trial, Resurrection of the Dead and In the Name of Love.
He currently has the longest running African American drama in the San Francisco Bay area and Northern California, ONE DAY IN THE LIFE, a tragi-comedy of addiction and recovery. He is the founder and director of RECOVERY THEATRE.
Marvin X has continued to work as a lecturer, teacher and producer. He has taught at Fresno State University; San Francisco State University; University of California - Berkeley and San Diego; University of Nevada, Reno; Mills College, Laney and Merritt Colleges in Oakland. He has received writing fellowships from Columbia University and the National Endowment for the Arts and planning grants from the National Endowment for the Humanities.
Marvin X is available for lectures/readings/performance.  Contact him jmarvinx@yahoo.com,
www.blackbirdpressnews.blogspot.com.


BEYOND RELIGION, TOWARD SPIRITUALITY, ESSAYS ON CONSCIOUSNESS
Black Bird Press
1222 Dwight Way, Berkeley CA 94702


November, 2006
280 pages, $19.95
Marvin X has done extraordinary mind and soul work in bringing our attention to the importance of spirituality, as opposed to religion, in our daily living. Someone'maybe Kierkegaard or maybe it was George Fox who'said that there was no such thing as "Christianity." There can only be Christians. It is not institutions but rather individuals who make the meaningful differences in our world. It is not Islam but Muslims. Not Buddhism but Buddhists. Marvin X has made a courageous difference. In this book he shares the wondrous vision of his spiritual explorations. His eloquent language and rhetoric are varied'sophisticated but also earthy, sometimes both at once.
Highly informed he speaks to many societal levels and to both genders'to the intellectual as well as to the man/woman on the street or the unfortunate in prison'to the mind as well as the heart. His topics range from global politics and economics to those between men and women in their household. Common sense dominates his thought. He shuns political correctness for the truth of life. He is a Master Teacher in many fields of thought'religion and psychology, sociology and anthropology, history and politics, literature and the humanities. He is a needed Counselor, for he knows himself, on the deepest of personal levels and he reveals that self to us, that we might be his beneficiaries.
All of which are represented in his Radical Spirituality'a balm for those who anguish in these troubling times of disinformation. As a shaman himself, he calls too for a Radical Mythology to override the traditional mythologies of racial supremacy that foster war and injustice. If you want to reshape (clean up, raise) your consciousness, this is a book to savor, to read again, and again'to pass onto a friend or lover.
'Rudolph Lewis, Editor, ChickenBones: A Journal

In the Crazy House Called America
Click to order via Amazon
ISBN: 0964067218
Format: Paperback, 204pp
PubDate: January 2003
Publisher: Black Bird Press 

In the Crazy House Called America is available from Black Bird Press,

"Rarely is a brother secure and honest enough with himself to reveal his innermost thoughts, emotions or his most hellacious life experiences. For most men it would be a monumental feat just to share/bare his soul with his closest friends but to do so to perfect strangers would be unthinkable, unless he had gone through the fires of life and emerged free of the dross that tarnishes his soul. Marvin X, poet, playwright, author and essayist does just that in a self-published book entitled In The Crazy House Called America.

This latest piece from Marvin X offers a peek into his soul and his psyche. He lets the reader know he is hip to the rabid oppression the West heaps upon people of color especially North American Africans while at the same time revealing the knowledge gleaned from his days as a student radical, black nationalist revolutionary forger of the Black Arts Movement, husband, father lover, a dogger of women did not spare him the degradation and agony of descending into the abyss of crack addiction, abusive and toxic relationships and family tragedy.

Perhaps because of the knowledge gained as a member of the Nation of Islam, and his experiences as one of the prime movers of the cultural revolution of the '60, the insights he shares In The Crazy House Called America are all the keener. Marvin writes candidly of his pain, bewilderment and depression of losing his son to suicide. He shares in a very powerful way, his own out of body helplessness as he wallowed in the dregs of an addiction that threatened to destroy his soul and the mess his addictions made of his life and relationships with those he loved. But he is not preachy and this is not an autobiography. He has already been there and done that. In sharing his story and the wisdom he has gleaned from his life experiences and looking at the world through the eyes of an artist/healer,.."
'Junious Ricardo Stanton

Love and War: Poems
by Marvin X. Preface by Lorenzo Thomas
Format: Paperback, 140pp.
ISBN: 0964967200
Publisher: Black Bird Press
Book of poetry by Black Arts activist, preface by Lorenzo Thomas. "When you listen to Tupac Shakur, E-40, Too Short, Master P or any other rappers out of the Bay Area of Cali, think of Marvin X. He laid the foundation and gave us the language to express Black male urban experience in a lyrical way." James G. Spady, Philadelphia New Observer.

Related Links
Read: Marvin X Unplugged An Interview by Lee Hubbard
http://reviews.aalbc.com/marvinxunplugged.htm

Movie Reviews by Marvin X on AALBC.com include:

Faye Carol and John Santos at Black Rep., Berkeley


“Music from the Black Diaspora”
 The Dynamic Ms. Carol Faye
The Hot & Spicy John Santos
 Saturday, August 25, 2012

Black Repertory Group
3201 Adeline Street, Berkeley
It will be cooking !










Saturday, August 11, 2012

Gwen Zoharah Simmons on Race and Violence in the USA


From: Aishah Shahidah Simmons <afrolez@gmail.com>
Subject: Gwendolyn Zoharah Simmons' response to the Muslim Public Affairs Council's "When a Culture of Hate Turns to Violence"
To: "AfroLez Productions" <afrolez@gmail.com>
Date: Friday, August 10, 2012, 5:34 PM


In her response to the Muslim Public Affairs Council's "When a Culture of Hate Turns to Violence," statement, African-American (US) Civil Rights Veteran, Feminist Islamic Scholar and Muslim Dr. Gwendolyn Zoharah Simmons contextualizes the vicious and virulent her/history of violence in Ameri-KKK-a, which dates back to its' founding days ground in both the genocide of millions of Indigenous peoples of this land and the enslavement of millions of African people. 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: Simmons,Gwendolyn Delores <zoharah@ufl.edu>
Date: Fri, Aug 10, 2012 at 2:04 PM
Subject: Response to your very good statement on the recent shooting & killings at the Sikh Temple
To: "
hoda@mpac.org" <hoda@mpac.org>

Dear Hoda,

My name is Gwendolyn Zoharah Simmons. I teach Religion and African American studies at the University of Florida. I am also a Muslim and am African American.

I greatly appreciate what you wrote and understand that this is the seeming response from Non-African American Muslims to the recent spate of violence directed at Muslim mosques and the recent killings at the Sikh Temple in Wisconsin.  Your obvious aim is to remind Americans ( understood to be mainly white Americans) of the founding principles of equality and justice for all upon which the U.S. was supposed to be grounded. I think this is a good strategy as long as you understand that the U.S. has rarely operated from those principles. I was a foot soldier in the Civil Rights Movement as a college age student. I marched with Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. And I was a field secretary in SNCC ( the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee). I was jailed and beaten in Atlanta, Georgia and in Mississippi in the efforts to tear down this country's form of apartheid called Jim Cow and to secure the right to vote for all people in this country. I worked as a full time volunteer for several years in this great movement which enabled many of the non African American Muslims, Sikhs, Buddhist and other non- white people to immigrate to this country and prosper as a result of the legal changes the Civil Rights Movement brought about.

If you become a student of this country's  "true" history you will see that the blood letting against people considered "others" has been rife here from the country's earliest beginnings. Beginning with the Ethnic Cleansing of this land mass's Native People to the most brutal form of enslavement of African Americans and the attendant torture, rapes, mutilations that were daily occurrences. If you look at the long history of communal lynchings of African Americans you will see that often throngs of white men, women and children held picnics at these gruesome and macabre events as they watched black men, women and even children burned at the stake, hung from trees and had their appendages cut off and sold as souvenirs to the grinning white throngs. There are numerous photos of these Sunday Picnic Lynchings where law officials did little to nothing to stop these brutal community sanctioned rituals ( they often were leading the lynching parties) and the judicial system did very little to bring any of these whites to trial. This went on for over 100 years. ( If you would like me to send you titles of books on these annals of our country's history, please let me know )

Unfortunately, The U.S. educational system rarely teaches students about these horrible realities, preferring to sweep these sordid histories under the rug ( or push them deep into the collective psyche) where they fester and erupt from time to time in these "lone wolf" acts of violence by angry white men against people who they perceive as "OTHER."

I urge Muslim Americans and others to please study this sordid "true" American history as a part of your efforts to understand this land that many of you and/ or your family members have emigrated to and now call home.  Racially motivated violence is as American as Apple Pie.

As Salaam Alaikum,

Gwendolyn Zoharah Simmons
Zoharah@ufl.edu

Gwendolyn Zoharah Simmons, Ph.D., is a Senior Lecturer in Religion with a primary focus on Islamic Studies and African American Studies at the University of Florida. In addition to her academic studies of Islam, Simmons spent seventeen years as a student of the contemporary Sufi Master, M. R. Bawa Muhaiyadeen, and is a founding member of the Bawa Muhaiyadeen Fellowship and Mosque. Simmons spent her early years as an activist in the Civil Rights Movement, working for several years as a field secretary for the Student Non-Violent Coordinting Committee (SNCC) in the 1960s, primarily in Georgia and Mississippi.

Solitary Confinement and Black Revolutionaries


Solitary confinement: 

Torture chambers for 

black revolutionaries


Dulag Luft solitary cell water color by Paul Canin

An
estimated 80,000 men, women and even children are being held in
solitary confinement on any given day in US prisons.
 

Last Modified: 10 Aug 2012 18:04
"The
torture technicians who developed the paradigm used in (prisons')
'control units' realised that they not only had to separate those with
leadership qualities, but also break those individuals' minds and
bodies and keep them separated until they are dead." -
Russell
"Maroon" Shoats
Russell "Maroon" Shoats has been kept
in solitary confinement in the state of Pennsylvania for 30 years after
being elected president of the prison-approved Lifers' Association. He
was initially convicted for his alleged role in an attack authorities
claim was carried out by militant black activists on the Fairmont Park
Police Station in Philadelphia that left a park sergeant dead.
Despite
not having violated prison rules in more than two decades, state prison
officials refuse to release him into the general prison population.
Russell's
family and supporters claim that the Pennsylvania Department of
Corrections (PA DOC) has unlawfully altered the consequences of his
criminal conviction, sentencing him to die in solitary confinement - a
death imposed by decades of no-touch torture.
The
severity of the conditions he is subjected to and the extraordinary
length of time they have been imposed for has sparked an international campaign to release him from
solitary confinement - a campaign that has quickly attracted the
support of leading human rights legal organisations, such as the Centre
for Constitutional Rights and the National Lawyers Guild.
Less
than two months after the campaign was formally launched with events in
New York City and London, Juan Mendez, the United Nations Special
Rapporteur on Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment
or Punishment, agreed to make an official inquiry into Shoats' 21 years of solitary
confinement, sending a communication to the US State Department
representative in Geneva, Switzerland.
What
the liberals won't tell you
While
the state of Pennsylvania has remained unmoved in this matter so far,
some in the US government are finally catching on. Decades after rights
activists first began to refer to the practice of solitary confinement
as "torture", the Senate Judiciary subcommittee on the constitution,
civil rights and human rights held a hearing on June 19 to "reassess"
the fiscal, security and human costs of locking prisoners into tiny,
windowless cells for 23 hours a day.
Needless
to say, the hearing echoed in a whisper what human rights defenders
have been shouting for nearly an entire generation: that sensory
deprivation, lack of social contact, a near total absence of
zeitgebers
 and restricted access to all intellectual and emotional
stimuli are an evil and unproductive combination.
The
hearing opened a spate of debate: with newspapers in Los Angeles, New
York, Washington DC, Tennessee, Pittsburgh, Ohio and elsewhere seizing
the occasion to denounce the practice as "torture" and call for a
reversal of a 30-year trend that has shattered - at a minimum - tens of
thousands of people's lives inside the vast US prison archipelago.
But
as happens with virtually all prison-related stories in the US
mainstream media, the two most important words were left unprinted,
unuttered: race and revolution.
Any
discussion on solitary confinement begins and ends with a number: a
prisoner is kept in his or her cell 23 or 24 hours per day, allowed
three showers every week and served three meals a day. According to a
report by UN torture rapporteur Mendez, prisoners should not be held in
isolation for more than 15 days at a stretch. But in the US, it is
typical for hundreds of thousands of prisoners to pass in and out of
solitary confinement for 30 or 60 days at a time each year.
Human Rights Watch estimated that there were
approximately 20,000 prisoners being held in Supermax prisons, which
are entire facilities dedicated to solitary confinement or
near-solitary. It is estimated that at least 80,000 men, women and even
children are being held in solitary confinement on any given day in US
jails and prisons.
Unknown
thousands have spent years and, in some cases, decades in such
isolation, including more than 500 prisoners held in California's
Pelican Bay state prison for ten years or more.
Perhaps
the most notorious case of all is that of the Angola 3, three Black Panthers who have been held
in solitary confinement in Louisiana for more than 100 years between
the three of them. While Robert King was released after 29 years in
solitary, his comrades - Albert Woodfox and Herman Wallace - recently
began their 40th years in solitary confinement, despite an ongoing
lawsuit challenging their isolation and a growing international
movement for their freedom that has been supported by Amnesty
International.
But
all these numbers fail to mention what Robert Saleem Holbrook, who was sentenced
to life without parole as a 16-year-old juvenile
 and has now spent
the majority of his life behind bars, pointed out: "Given the control
units' track record in driving men crazy, it is not surprising that the
majority of prisoners sent into it are either politically conscious
prisoners, prison lawyers, or rebellious young prisoners. It is this
class of prisoners that occupies the control units in prison systems
across the United States."
Holbrook's
observation is anything but surprising to those familiar with the
routine violations of prisoners' human rights within US jails and
prisons. The
prison discipline study
, a mass
national survey assessing formal and informal punitive practices in US
prisons conducted in 1989, concluded that "solitary confinement, loss
of privileges, physical beatings" and other forms of deprivation and
harassment were "common disciplinary practices" that were "rendered
routinely, capriciously and brutally" in maximum-security US prisons.
The
study also noted receiving "hundreds of comments from prisoners"
explaining that jailhouse lawyers who file grievances and lawsuits
about abuse and poor conditions were the most frequently targeted.
Black prisoners and the mentally ill were also targeted for especially
harsh treatment. This "pattern of guard brutality" was "consistent with
the vast and varied body of post-war literature, demonstrating that
guard use of physical coercion is highly structured and deeply
entrenched in the guard subculture".
Race
and revolution
But
while broad patterns can be discerned, these are the numbers that are
missing: how many of those in solitary confinement are black? How many
are self-taught lawyers, educators or political activists? How many
initiated hunger strikes, which have long been anathema to the prison
administration? How many were caught up in the FBI-organised dragnet
that hauled thousands of community leaders, activists and thinkers into
the maws of the US "justice" system during the Black liberation
movement of the 1960s and 1970s?
Former
Warden of United States Penitentiary Marion, the prototype of modern
supermax-style solitary confinement, Ralph Arons, has stated: "The purpose of the Marion Control
Unit is to control revolutionary attitudes in the prison system and in
the society at large."
One
of these revolutionaries is Russell "Maroon" Shoats, the founder of the
Black Unity Council, which later merged with the Philadelphia chapter
of the Black Panther Party. He was first
jailed in early 1970.

Hailing
from the gang-war-torn streets of West Philadelphia, Shoats escaped
twice from prison system, first from Huntingdon state prison in
September 1977 and then again in March 1980.
Shoats'
escapes - the first of which lasted a full 27 days, despite a massive
national search complete with helicopters, dogs and vigilante groups
from predominantly white communities surrounding the prison - earned
him the nickname "Maroon", in honour of slaves who broke away from
plantations in Surinam, Guyana and later Jamaica, Brazil and other
colonies and established sovereign communities on the outskirts of the
white settler zones.
Still,
it was not until Shoats was elected president of the prison-approved
Lifers' Organisation in 1982 - the closest thing to a union for
inmates, through which they demanded basic rights such as proper
visiting hours, access to legal documents and healthier food - that the
prison system decided he was a "threat" to administrative stability and
placed him in solitary confinement.
For
the past 30 years, Maroon has been transferred from one "torture
chamber" to another, where his best efforts to interact with his fellow
prisoners or resurrect his old study sessions for the younger
generation are thwarted at every turn.
In
2006, the US had an incarceration rate for black males that was more
than five-and-a-half times greater than
 that of South Africa at the
end of the apartheid era in 1993.
Yet
most mainstream authorities on the prison system in the US - such
as the eminent scholar Michelle Alexander, whose book The New Jim
Crow
 suggests that the prison system is racially "biased" - do not
come close to touching on the phenomenon of political prisoners, let
alone on the inmates who take up the cudgels on behalf of their fellow
detainees and attempt to carve out niches of justice in a massive
chamber of terror.
The
discussion of solitary confinement as a violation of a basic human
right comes five decades after Malcolm X first began to preach that
black people in America should take their grievances not to the US
Supreme Court, but to the United Nations, to appeal not for civil
rights, as white bourgeois parlance would have it, but for basic human
rights, as a colonised people.
He
argued not for "integration" into a system that had brutalised and
enslaved "Africans in America" for years, but for an overhaul of that
system and a transfer of power away from those who created and
maintained it. Not master walking hand-in-hand with slave, but an end
to mastery and slavery altogether.
As a
black revolutionary, Malcolm X's words were largely painted over by
mainstream historians. But if the struggle to end inhumane treatment
inside prisoners is to become anything more than a largely apolitical
movement for so-called "civil rights", it must put two long-ignored
points back on the agenda: race and revolution.
Kanya
D'Almeida is an editor for the Inter Press Service (IPS) News Agency,
currently based in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Bret
Grote is an investigator with the Human Rights Coalition, a
Pennsylvania-based prison abolitionist and prisoner rights organisation.

The views expressed in this article are the
author's own and do not necessarily reflect Al Jazeera's editorial
policy.


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